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Panoramic view of the city of El Aaiún. In the foreground, arid land with scattered vegetation; further back, a large expanse of water; and in the background, a general view of the city of El Aaiún.

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

Between principles and national interest: 50 years since the Spanish withdrawal from the Western Sahara

By Ignacio Molina, Pablo del Amo

07 Jan 2026 //

31 mins Reading time

Main table at the plenary session of the 25th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Tianjin, China. In the centre, Xi Jinping (President of China) flanked by the other representatives and delegations. In the background, the flags of the SCO member countries, with text indicating the date (1 September 2025) and location (Tianjin, China).

China, the US and the new world order

Global governance according to Xi Jinping: between Westphalia and the imperial court

By Mario Esteban

10 Dec 2025 //

22 mins Reading time

The flags of the United States and Venezuela flying in a clear sky. In the foreground, the flag of the United States, and in the background, the flag of Venezuela, fly above the flagpoles against a clear sky with a few clouds.

Latin America

Venezuela and Trump

By Carlota García Encina, Carlos Malamud

04 Dec 2025 //

21 mins Reading time

Russian LNG tanker at sunset at sea (28/04/2020). A vibrant orange sky illuminates the scene, reflected in the sea, contrasting with the tanker, which appears as a shadow on the water.

Climate and energy

The rise of the LNG dark fleet as a symptom of a new gas order

By Ignacio Urbasos Arbeloa

03 Dec 2025 //

17 mins Reading time

A line of tents near the port of Gaza, with several people gathered along the shoreline. In the background, buildings can be seen with smoke rising behind them. In the foreground, a partially submerged structure is visible in the water. Gaza

International Security

Four ways in which Europe can re-engage to halt the catastrophe in Gaza

By Sven Kühn von Burgsdorff

27 May 2025 //

16 mins Reading time

Seven flags of the European Union, with blue background and yellow stars, flying in front of the European Commission headquarters in Brussels (Belgium) during the day. Middle East

International Security

The Middle East: reclaiming our shared Humanity

By Josep Borrell

19 Nov 2024 //

15 mins Reading time

Array of aircraft carriers and aircraft in the ocean. Multilateral export controls

International Security

Multilateral export controls: improving coordination among like-minded industrial suppliers and enhancing global legitimacy

By Gonzalo de Salazar

01 Aug 2024 //

21 mins Reading time

Person holding the flag of Palestine in the street. Background: Building facade in daylight.

Challenges and opportunities in the neighbourhood

Spain’s recognition of the State of Palestine can make the difference

By Alon Liel

09 Apr 2024 //

17 mins Reading time

Iranian drone training in the Semnan desert in 2021. Western technologies have been found in Iranian military unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and is an example or illicit technology transfers

International Security

Illicit technology transfers to countries of concern: challenges for the international community

By Gonzalo de Salazar

18 Mar 2024 //

20 mins Reading time

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